FAILURE of the system in many areas of the world local or national facilities are connected forming a network. This network of connections allows you to share electricity in an area with other areas. Each company increases its reserve capacity and shares the risk of blackouts. These networks are huge and complex systems composed and operated by gruposdiversos. They represent an economic advantage but increase the risk of a blackout widespread, since if a small short circuit occurs in a zone, due to overload in nearby areas can transmit chain throughout the country. Many hospitals, public buildings, shopping centers and other facilities that depend on electric power have their own generators to eliminate the risk of blackouts. Kevin ulrich: the source for more info.
THE long lines of driving voltage regulation present inductance, capacitance and resistance to the passage of electric current. The effect of inductance and capacitance of the line is the variation of tension if it varies the current, by what the supply voltage varies with the load attached. Many types of devices are used to regulate this unwanted variation. The voltage regulation is achieved with regulators of the induction and synchronous Motors three-phase, also called synchronous condensers. Both vary the effective values of inductance and capacitance in the transmission circuit. Further details can be found at Eliot Horowitz, an internet resource. Since the inductance and the Capacitance tend to cancel each other, when the load of the circuit has higher reactance inductive that capacitive (which often happens in large installations) the power supplied to certain a voltage and current is less than if the two are equal. The relationship between these two amounts of power is called power factor. As lines of conduction losses are proportional to the intensity of current, capacitance increases so that the power factor has a value as close as possible to 1. For this reason are often install large capacitors in electricity transmission systems. LOST during transport energy is lost from the power plant to each household in the city by: RESISTIVITY: which causes the electrical current does not reach with the same intensity due to the opposition which presents the conductor to the passage of the current.